Deprecated: Symfony\Component\Translation\t(): Implicitly marking parameter $domain as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/translation/Resources/functions.php on line 18
Deprecated: Filament\Notifications\Testing\assertNotified(): Implicitly marking parameter $notification as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/filament/notifications/src/Testing/Autoload.php on line 10
Deprecated: Termwind\style(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nunomaduro/termwind/src/Functions.php on line 29
Deprecated: Termwind\ask(): Implicitly marking parameter $autocomplete as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nunomaduro/termwind/src/Functions.php on line 61
Deprecated: money(): Implicitly marking parameter $currency as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/akaunting/laravel-money/src/helpers.php on line 7
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\text(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 11
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\password(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 19
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\select(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 29
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\select(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 29
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\multiselect(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 41
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\confirm(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 49
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\suggest(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 59
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\search(): Implicitly marking parameter $validate as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 69
Deprecated: Laravel\Prompts\note(): Implicitly marking parameter $type as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/prompts/src/helpers.php on line 90
Deprecated: Psy\info(): Implicitly marking parameter $config as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/psy/psysh/src/functions.php on line 131
Deprecated: optional(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/helpers.php on line 190
Deprecated: with(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/helpers.php on line 430
Deprecated: Mockery::formatArgs(): Implicitly marking parameter $arguments as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/mockery/mockery/library/Mockery.php on line 536
Deprecated: Mockery::formatObjects(): Implicitly marking parameter $objects as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/mockery/mockery/library/Mockery.php on line 612
Deprecated: Illuminate\Container\Container::beforeResolving(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php on line 1151
Deprecated: Illuminate\Container\Container::resolving(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php on line 1171
Deprecated: Illuminate\Container\Container::afterResolving(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php on line 1191
Deprecated: Illuminate\Container\Container::setInstance(): Implicitly marking parameter $container as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php on line 1430
Deprecated: Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container::beforeResolving(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Contracts/Container/Container.php on line 200
Deprecated: Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container::resolving(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Contracts/Container/Container.php on line 209
Deprecated: Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container::afterResolving(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Contracts/Container/Container.php on line 218
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Arr::first(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Collections/Arr.php on line 188
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Arr::last(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Collections/Arr.php on line 217
Deprecated: Illuminate\Routing\Router::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $container as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php on line 136
Deprecated: Illuminate\Routing\Router::model(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php on line 1140
Deprecated: Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $container as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php on line 65
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $query as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Request.php on line 501
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $request as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Request.php on line 501
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $attributes as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Request.php on line 501
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $cookies as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Request.php on line 501
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $files as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Request.php on line 501
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $server as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Request.php on line 501
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $query as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 446
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $request as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 446
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $attributes as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 446
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $cookies as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 446
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $files as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 446
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::duplicate(): Implicitly marking parameter $server as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 446
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::getPreferredLanguage(): Implicitly marking parameter $locales as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 1604
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::getTrustedValues(): Implicitly marking parameter $ip as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Request.php on line 2004
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag::all(): Implicitly marking parameter $key as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/ParameterBag.php on line 40
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag::getEnum(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/ParameterBag.php on line 176
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\HeaderBag::all(): Implicitly marking parameter $key as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/HeaderBag.php on line 68
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\HeaderBag::get(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/HeaderBag.php on line 113
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\HeaderBag::getDate(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/HeaderBag.php on line 198
Deprecated: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\InputBag::getEnum(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/InputBag.php on line 86
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Concerns\InteractsWithInput::whenHas(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Concerns/InteractsWithInput.php on line 123
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Concerns\InteractsWithInput::whenFilled(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Concerns/InteractsWithInput.php on line 201
Deprecated: Illuminate\Http\Concerns\InteractsWithInput::whenMissing(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Http/Concerns/InteractsWithInput.php on line 235
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Str::createRandomStringsUsing(): Implicitly marking parameter $factory as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Str.php on line 871
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Str::createUuidsUsing(): Implicitly marking parameter $factory as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Str.php on line 1391
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Str::freezeUuids(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Str.php on line 1436
Deprecated: Carbon\Traits\Date::getDaysFromStartOfWeek(): Implicitly marking parameter $weekStartsAt as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/Traits/Date.php on line 1394
Deprecated: Carbon\Traits\Date::setDaysFromStartOfWeek(): Implicitly marking parameter $weekStartsAt as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/Traits/Date.php on line 1412
Deprecated: Carbon\Traits\Date::utcOffset(): Implicitly marking parameter $minuteOffset as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/Traits/Date.php on line 1481
Deprecated: Carbon\Traits\Localization::locale(): Implicitly marking parameter $locale as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/Traits/Localization.php on line 445
Deprecated: Symfony\Contracts\Translation\TranslatorInterface::trans(): Implicitly marking parameter $domain as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/translation-contracts/TranslatorInterface.php on line 62
Deprecated: Symfony\Contracts\Translation\TranslatorInterface::trans(): Implicitly marking parameter $locale as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/symfony/translation-contracts/TranslatorInterface.php on line 62
Deprecated: Carbon\Traits\Test::setDefaultTimezone(): Implicitly marking parameter $date as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/Traits/Test.php on line 204
Deprecated: Return type of Carbon\Carbon::createFromTimestamp($timestamp, $tz = null) should either be compatible with DateTime::createFromTimestamp(int|float $timestamp): static, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/Traits/Timestamp.php on line 29
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Traits\Conditionable::when(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Conditionable/Traits/Conditionable.php on line 21
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Traits\Conditionable::when(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Conditionable/Traits/Conditionable.php on line 21
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Traits\Conditionable::unless(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Conditionable/Traits/Conditionable.php on line 53
Deprecated: Illuminate\Support\Traits\Conditionable::unless(): Implicitly marking parameter $default as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Conditionable/Traits/Conditionable.php on line 53
Deprecated: Carbon\CarbonTimeZone::toOffsetName(): Implicitly marking parameter $date as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/CarbonTimeZone.php on line 158
Deprecated: Carbon\CarbonTimeZone::toOffsetTimeZone(): Implicitly marking parameter $date as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/CarbonTimeZone.php on line 172
Deprecated: Carbon\CarbonTimeZone::toRegionName(): Implicitly marking parameter $date as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/CarbonTimeZone.php on line 188
Deprecated: Carbon\CarbonTimeZone::toRegionTimeZone(): Implicitly marking parameter $date as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/nesbot/carbon/src/Carbon/CarbonTimeZone.php on line 230
Deprecated: Dotenv\Repository\RepositoryBuilder::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $allowList as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Repository/RepositoryBuilder.php on line 68
Deprecated: Dotenv\Repository\RepositoryBuilder::allowList(): Implicitly marking parameter $allowList as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Repository/RepositoryBuilder.php on line 247
Deprecated: Dotenv\Dotenv::create(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Dotenv.php on line 83
Deprecated: Dotenv\Dotenv::createMutable(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Dotenv.php on line 112
Deprecated: Dotenv\Dotenv::createUnsafeMutable(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Dotenv.php on line 129
Deprecated: Dotenv\Dotenv::createImmutable(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Dotenv.php on line 148
Deprecated: Dotenv\Dotenv::createUnsafeImmutable(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Dotenv.php on line 165
Deprecated: Dotenv\Dotenv::createArrayBacked(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Dotenv.php on line 185
Deprecated: Dotenv\Store\StoreBuilder::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Store/StoreBuilder.php on line 54
Deprecated: Dotenv\Store\StoreBuilder::fileEncoding(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Store/StoreBuilder.php on line 123
Deprecated: Dotenv\Store\FileStore::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Store/FileStore.php on line 42
Deprecated: Dotenv\Store\File\Reader::read(): Implicitly marking parameter $fileEncoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Store/File/Reader.php on line 43
Deprecated: Dotenv\Store\File\Reader::readFromFile(): Implicitly marking parameter $encoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Store/File/Reader.php on line 70
Deprecated: Dotenv\Util\Str::utf8(): Implicitly marking parameter $encoding as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Util/Str.php on line 36
Deprecated: Dotenv\Util\Str::substr(): Implicitly marking parameter $length as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Util/Str.php on line 82
Deprecated: Dotenv\Util\Regex::replaceCallback(): Implicitly marking parameter $limit as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Util/Regex.php on line 67
Deprecated: Dotenv\Parser\Entry::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $value as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/vlucas/phpdotenv/src/Parser/Entry.php on line 33
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Deprecated: voku\helper\ASCII::to_ascii(): Implicitly marking parameter $replace_single_chars_only as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/vendor/voku/portable-ascii/src/voku/helper/ASCII.php on line 801
Deprecated: Constant PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA is deprecated since 8.5, use Pdo\Mysql::ATTR_SSL_CA instead in /home/clients/24bd31dc3e749d350de40fd5150d6915/sites/mbanya.cm/config/database.php on line 62 Actualités :: Le bassin versant du Mbanya et la pollution des eaux de surface - Chefferie Mbanya
Mbanya forme une Collectivité Coutumière installée au cœur de la Ville
de Douala, Capitale économique du Cameroun. S.M Elong Kotto est Chef Coutumier et Chef de
Chefferie de cette entité devenue célébre en référence au baptême traditionnel du Président Paul BIYA.
La ville de Douala, bâtie sur la rive gauche du fleuve Wouri, est découpée en 9 bassin-versants : Mbanya, Mboppi, Besseke, Tongo-Bassa, Bobongo, Papas, Ngoua, Kondi, Nsappé.
Etablie sur une superficie de 464 ha, le bassin versant du Mbanya est compris entre 4°3’ et 4°4’ de latitude Nord et 9°41’30’’ et 9°44’30’’ de longitude Est, dans les arrondissements de Douala 1er et 5ème. Le Mbanya, cours d’eau principal et éponyme du bassin versant, prend sa source près du boulevard de la réunification à environ 15 m d’altitude au Sud du stade de la Réunification, il traverse longitudinalement dans le sens SO-NE, puis se jette dans le fleuve Wouri après un parcours de 4,8 km.
Avec une population estimée à 300 000 habitants composée pour l’essentiel des peuples allogènes, les eaux de surfaces (puits, cours d’eau, sources, nappes d’eau et eaux stagnantes) des bas-fonds du bassin versant du Mbanya (464 ha), sont polluées à la fois par des déterminants physiques (topographie et sol) et humains (urbanisation anarchique et densification de l’habitat, exiguïté du cadre de vie, ruralisation de l’urbain).
Sur le plan physique, la monotonie du relief (pente moyenne de 0,3 % et altitude moyenne de 5 m) est défavorable à l’écoulement rapide des eaux pluviales et des eaux usées vers les drains, ce qui créent des inondations par stagnation d’eau.
Les sols hydromorphes, essentiellement sablo limoneux et sableux, avec un pH variant de 4 à 6, associée à une nappe phréatique subaffleurante ne favorisent pas l’infiltration rapide des eaux pluviales. Ces bas-fonds se caractérisent également par une pression démographique, l’entassement et l’émiettement de l’habitat, dominés par un habitat précaire dans les zones non aedificandi. Ceci constitue non seulement une menace pour la qualité des eaux de puits à cause de la proximité avec les fosses septiques et d’aisance, mais également une aggravation de la vulnérabilité aux maladies hydriques (dermatose, fièvres typhoïde et para typhoïde, gastroentérite, amibiase, choléra, etc.).
Mots clés: Bassin versant ; bas fonds ; pollution des eaux ; maladies hydriques